Table 3.
Overview of typical ICPs
| Protocol | Application Scenario | Main Characteristics |
|---|---|---|
| Modbus | PLC communicates with host computer and HMI, widely used in factory automation | The protocol structure is simple, the function code controls the operation, it is based on the register model, and supports both RTU and transmission control protocol (TCP) modes |
| DNP3 | Power system, SCADA remote telemetry, remote signaling, remote control | Support event-driven, timestamp synchronization, complex structure, high reliability, often run on serial port or IP network |
| IEC 60870-5-104 | Power grid automation (substation dispatching, transmission monitoring) | Based on TCP/IP transmission, supports master-slave and duplex communication |
| BACnet | Building automation (air conditioning, lighting, security, energy management) | Object-oriented communication, strong cross-device integration, support for multiple link layer protocols (MSTP/IP/Ethernet) |
| OPC UA | Industrial equipment interconnection, Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) platform | Service-oriented architecture (SOA), support for encryption and authentication |
| Profinet | Industrial Ethernet communication (such as Siemens automation system) | Strong real-time performance, supports periodic/non-periodic data communication, Ethernet compatible |
| EtherNet/IP | Discrete control, robotic systems, industrial Ethernet transmission | Use CIP protocol family, support control/information dual channels, object-oriented modeling |
| CANopen | Embedded device communications, robotics, and automotive internal networks | Based on CAN bus, small data frame, strong real-time performance, lightweight and flexible |
| HART | Smart meters, industrial sensor networks | Adopt analog signal superimposed digital communication, adapt to traditional analog 4-20mA system |
| MQTT | Industrial Internet of Things, Remote Monitoring | Use publish/subscribe mechanism, lightweight and low bandwidth |
| S7Comm | Siemens PLC communication, remote programming and monitoring | Use TCP port 102, clear function code grouping, complex fields |
| UMAS | Schneider PLC Remote Management | Use Modbus basic format extension, unique function code range |
| PCCC/CSP | Allen-Bradley PLC Communications | Using a specific data frame structure, the command code hierarchy is obvious |
| MELSEC | Mitsubishi PLC, HMI communication | Use ASCII/binary transmission, with clear frame header and frame tail |
| FINS | Omron PLC Communication | The message structure is fixed length, and the node number/network number constitutes the addressing mechanism |
| Delta DVP | Delta PLC programming and host computer communication | Serial port transmission is common, characterized by a centralized address function structure |
| TProfinet | Industrial equipment driver communications | The structure is not public, and most of the information is obtained through reverse engineering based on packet capture. |
| CC-Link | Japanese control network, commonly used in manufacturing | High real-time performance, compact frame structure, native support for redundant communication |
| DL/T645 | Electricity user metering, smart meter communications (China) | Use fixed-length frame structure, the address field is the table number, and the data encoding needs to be decrypted |
| MQTT-SN | Industrial Wireless Communications | MQTT variant optimized for embedded systems, suitable for low-power networks |
| LonWorks | Energy management, smart buildings | Based on neural network chip implementation, supporting control/monitoring integration |
| DeviceNet | Allen-Bradley Device Area Network | Based on CAN, with object-oriented communication structure and flexible topology |
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