Open Access
Table 5.
Benchmarks of secure GELU, Softmax, LayerNorm, and Embedding. (m, d) denotes the size of the matrix. For ΠEmbed, we utilize the embedding table of Bert-Base, and #IN is the number of input tokens
| Framework | Communication (MB) | Time (LAN, seconds) | Time (WAN, seconds) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (m, d) | (27, 210) | (27, 211) | (28, 211) | (27, 210) | (27, 211) | (28, 211) | (27, 210) | (27, 211) | (28, 211) | ||
| GeLU | MPCFORMER | 2.333 | 4.667 | 9.333 | 0.046 | 0.070 | 0.095 | 0.263 | 0.374 | 0.589 | |
| CRYPTEN | 53.001 | 106.001 | 212.001 | 0.758 | 1.171 | 2.063 | 3.283 | 5.781 | 10.600 | ||
| SPU | 77.000 | 142.000 | 252.000 | 0.829 | 0.981 | 1.813 | 2.966 | 5.683 | 11.516 | ||
| ΠGELU | 54.500 | 113.000 | 226.000 | 0.461 | 0.814 | 1.555 | 2.333 | 4.498 | 8.660 | ||
| Softmax | MPCFORMER | 3.397 | 6.730 | 13.457 | 0.156 | 0.195 | 0.267 | 2.726 | 2.895 | 3.187 | |
| CRYPTEN | 74.400 | 143.068 | 286.129 | 2.095 | 2.943 | 3.832 | 11.812 | 15.245 | 26.134 | ||
| SPU | 175.493 | 336.993 | 681.985 | 1.413 | 2.395 | 4.410 | 6.541 | 12.386 | 25.764 | ||
| ΠSoftmax | 35.077 | 90.068 | 164.143 | 0.548 | 0.858 | 1.420 | 2.510 | 3.987 | 6.768 | ||
| LayerNorm | ΠLayerNorm | 8.086 | 16.090 | 24.170 | 0.125 | 0.156 | 0.324 | 0.792 | 1.201 | 2.060 | |
| Embedding | #IN | 25 | 26 | 27 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 25 | 26 | 27 | |
| ΠEmbed | 27.286 | 59.997 | 116.535 | 1.960 | 3.951 | 7.903 | 4.402 | 8.775 | 17.507 | ||
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